At 31, Garfield became a brigadier general, two years later a major general of volunteers. In 1862, when Union military victories had been few, he successfully led a brigade at Middle Creek, Kentucky, against Confederate troops. During the secession crisis, he advocated coercing the seceding states back into the Union. Garfield was elected to the Ohio Senate in 1859 as a Republican. He was graduated from Williams College in Massachusetts in 1856, and he returned to the Western Reserve Eclectic Institute (later Hiram College) in Ohio as a classics professor. Fatherless at two, he later drove canal boat teams, somehow earning enough money for an education. He was born in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, in 1831. Garfield attacked political corruption and won back for the Presidency a measure of prestige it had lost during the Reconstruction period. His Presidency was impactful, but cut short after 200 days when he was assassinated.Īs the last of the log cabin Presidents, James A. James Garfield was elected as the United States’ 20th President in 1881, after nine terms in the U.S. The biography for President Garfield and past presidents is courtesy of the White House Historical Association.
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